Iran is reportedly bypassing some of the world’s toughest sanctions through a shadowy network of civilian airlines used to transport weapons. According to a groundbreaking INSS report, Unit 190 of the Quds Force has overseen smuggling operations to Hezbollah, Iraqi militias, and Syria, with Western intelligence highlighting Iran’s aviation sector as central to the regional flow of arms. Civilian airlines are increasingly acting as covert military transport, blurring the line between civilian and state operations.