Indian Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal has called the new India–US trade agreement a “historic turning point” that will slash US tariffs on Indian goods to 18% and unlock fresh opportunities for farmers, MSMEs and tech exporters. Framing India and the US as “natural allies,” he credits Modi’s personal diplomacy with President Trump for securing what he says is the best deal in the region, even after months of tariff tensions. But how solid are Trump’s promises, and what exactly did India give in return?